| Lecture 01 |
Basic Introduction + Ecology |
- Environment- definition/ meaning/ understanding/ importance/ needs
- Ecology – types
- Ecological Hierarchy
- Scope of Ecology
- Habitat & Ecological Niche
- Deep vs Shallow Ecology
- Ecological Principles
- Ecological Community:
- Structure and Characteristics of a Community
- Stratification
- Ecotones
- Ecological Dominance
- Seasonal and Diurnal Fluctuation
- Periodicity
|
| Lecture 02 |
Ecological succession |
- Types and Process of Succession: Climax Community
- Range of Tolerance, Maximum Range
- Difference between Ecology, Environment and Ecosystem
|
| Lecture 03 |
Ecosystem and its dynamics |
- Ecosystem Definitions
- Functions and Properties of Ecosystem
- The Structure/Components of
- Ecosystem: Abiotic Components and
- Biotic Components
- Ecosystem Dynamics
- Flow of Energy in Ecosystem
- Trophic Levels
- Food Chain
- Types & Significance of Food Chain
- Food Web
- Models for Energy Flow
- Ecological Productivity
- Ecological Pyramid
- Biomagnification
- Biological Control
- Organic Farming
|
| Lecture 04 |
Biogeochemical cycles |
- Parts of a Bio Geochemical Cycle
- Types of Biogeochemical Cycle
- Carbon Cycle
- Nitrogen Cycle
- Phosphorus Cycle
- Sulphur Cycle
|
| Lecture 05 |
Biomasses: Forest Grassland, Mountain, and Desert Ecosystem |
- Biome
- Grasslands
- Tundra
- Deserts
- Thar deserts
- Mountain biome
|
| Lecture 06 |
Aquatic life zones: Ocean, rivers, lakes, and wetlands |
- Aquatic ecosystems
- Basic facts about the ocean
- Importance of the ocean
- Zones of the ocean
- Marine life
- Coral reefs
- Coral reefs in India
- Conserving coral reefs
- Mangroves
- Mangroves in India
- Freshwater in India
- Importance of lakes
- National Lake Conservation Plan
- Wetlands and their importance
- Ramsar Convention
- Ramsar Sites
- Montreux Record
- Extent and distribution of wetlands in India
- Conserving the wetlands of India
|
| Lecture 07 + 08 + 09 |
Biodiversity basics + conservation |
- Biodiversity
- Important kinds of biodiversity
- Degree of diversity in an ecosystem
- Endemic species
- Keystone species
- Indicator species
- Invasive species
- Allopatric and sympatric speciation
- Bioinformatics
- Biodiversity distribution
- Megadivers Countries
- Uses and values of biodiversity
- State of global biodiversity
- Threats to biodiversity
- Biodiversity Hotspots
- Eco-regions
- Role of traditional knowledge in biodiversity
- Biopiracy
- Extinction of species
- Mass extinction
- IUCN’s classification scheme
- IUCN Red-List of Threatened Species
- Level of biodiversity in India
- Biogeographic classification of India
- Ex-situ aid in-situ conservation
- Seed banks
- Zoos in biodiversity conservation
- Botanical gardens
- Protected areas
- State of protected areas in the world
- UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB)
- Characteristics of biosphere reserves
- International agreements for biodiversity conservation
- Convention on Biological Diversity
- Cartagena Protocol
- Nagoya Protocol
- Aichi Biodiversity Targets
- Important Coastal and Marin
- Biodiversity Areas of India
- Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of India
- Global Tiger Initiative
- Project Tiger
- Project Elephant
- Indian Rhino Vision
- Recovery Programme for Critically
- Endangered Species
- Use of indigenous knowledge for conserving biodiversity
- Seed village
|
| Lecture 10 |
Effect of Human activities on Environment |
- Effect of Modern Agriculture on Environment
- Effect of Housing on Environment
- Effect of Power Generation on Environment
- Effect of River Valley Projects (Water Resource Projects) on Environment
- Effect of Mining on Environment
- Effect of Transportation
- Activities on Environment
- Effect of Tourism on Environment
|
| Lecture 11 |
Water resources |
- Water Cycle (Hydrological Cycle)
- Availability and Quality Aspects (groundwater depletion)
- Water-borne and Water-induced Diseases
- Fluoride Problem in Drinking Water
- Arsenic Problem in Drinking Water
|
| Lecture 12 |
Minerals and Environmental degradation |
- Mining and Environment
- Sensitivity of Select Ecosystems to Mining
- Impact of Mining
- Indirect Impact of Mining
- International Laws on Mining
- Main Act or Statue to regulate the impact of Indian Mining Sector
- Sustainable Mining
|
| Lecture 13 |
Deforestation |
- Causes of Deforestation
- Implications of Deforestation for Climate Change
- Consequences of Deforestation on the Wildlife of India
- Impact of Deforestation on Indian Monsoon
- Impact of Deforestation on People
- Deforestation Leads to Water and Soil Resources Loss and Flooding
- Economical Impacts
- Strategies for Reducing Deforestation
- Government Programmes for Conservation of Forests
- Legislations for Conservation of Forests using People Participation
- Steps for Improving People Participation in Forest Resource Management
- Use of Local Traditional Methods
|
| Lecture 14 + 15 |
Waste Management + Solid Waste Management + Coastal ecosystem management |
- Solid Waste
- Hazardous Waste
- E-Waste
- Bio Medical Waste
- Plastic Waste
- Methods for Waste Management
- Effects of Poor Waste Disposal
- Landfill
- Sources of Solid Waste
- Effect of Solid Waste
- Control Measures of Solid Waste
- Solid Waste Management Rule
- Hazardous Waste Management (HWM)
- Mangroves
- Salient features of Mangroves
- Importance of Mangroves
- Mangroves in India
- Mangroves under threats
- Legal and Regulatory Approaches for Protection
- Estuaries
- Importance of estuaries
- Threats to estuaries
- Coral Reefs
- Geographical Conditions Required
- Uses of coral reefs
- Conservation of coral reef
- Steps for Coastal Ecosystem Management
|
| Lecture 16 + 17 |
Environmental Pollution |
- Air Pollution
- Sources of Air Pollution
- Effects of Air Pollution
- Classification of Air Pollutant
- Control Measures of Air Pollution
- Air Pollution Disasters
- Long Range Transport of Gaseous
- Air Pollutants
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards
- Water Pollution
- Sources of Water Pollution
- Types of Water Pollutants
- Effects of Water Pollution
- Water Quality Standards
- Control of Water Pollution
- Thermal Pollution
- Sources of Thermal Pollution
- Effects of Thermal Pollution
- Control of Thermal Pollution
- Soil Pollution or Land Degradation
- Sources of Soil Pollution
- Effects of Soil Pollution
- Control Measures
- Noise Pollution
- Air-borne Diseases
- Toxic Substances: Toxicant, Toxicity and Toxicology
- Factors affecting toxicity
- Carcinogens
|
| Lecture 18 + 19 |
Recent developments |
- Air Pollution
- Report on Air Pollution
- Bharat Stage Emission Standards
- Polluters Pay Mode
- Household Air Pollution
- Open Waste Burning and its Impact
- Graded Response Action Plan on Pollution
- UN Sets Limits on Global Airline Emissions
- Waste Management
- Biodegradable Plastics
- Green Train Corridors
- Oil Spill
- Solid Waste Management-Buff er Zone
- Report of Parliamentary Committee on
- Forest Fires
- Urban Forestry Scheme
- Draft notification to Regulate Pet Shops
- Ban on Import of Animal Skin
- River linking Project and Impact on Environment
- Algal Bloom Issue
- Illegal Salt Mining and its Impact
- India’s Wetland Report
- Deep Sea Mining
- Mass Coral Bleaching
- Ganga River Pollution
|
| Lecture 20 + 21 |
Environmental Impact Assessment + Laws + Institutions |
- Government Body which Executes EIA
- Environmental Effects Analysed under EIA
- Process of EIA
- EIA Ruling
- Environmental Laws: Provisions in the
- Indian Constitution towards
- Environmental Protection
- Salient Features of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1981
- Salient Features of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
- Salient features of Forest Conservation Act, I980
- Salient Features of Wildlife Protection Act,1972
- Salient Features of Environment (Protection) Act,1986
- Role of Government in Environmental Protection
- Pollution Control Boards
- National Green Tribunal
- Forest Survey of India
- National Board for Wildlife
|
| Lecture 22 |
International environmental governance |
- UNEP
- UNDP
- Centre for Biological Diversity
- WWF for Nature
- IUCN - Red List
- Birdlife International
- International Conventions / Protocols & their Objectives
|
| Lecture 23 |
Basics of Climate Change + Urbanization |
- Green House Effect and Global Warming
- Global Climate Change: International
- Efforts to Control Global Warming or Global Climate Change
- Ozone Layer Depletion or Ozone Hole
- Acid Rain
- El Nino
- La Nina
- Pollution in metros and climate change
- Real estate boom and environment degradation
- Urban Heat Island
- Polythene bags and pollution
- Methane generation from waste
|
| Lecture 24 |
Impact of Climate on Agriculture/ Health |
- Agriculture increases Carbon Dioxide Emissions
- Monoculture practice impacts biodiversity
- Pollution due to use of chemical fertilizers
- Soil-related effects
- Fertilizer’s Effect on the Environment
- Impact of livestock on environment
- Impact of use of Pesticides on environment
- Impact of GM crop on environment
- Emission of Methane from agricultural practices
- Sustainable Agriculture Techniques
- Health impacts of global warming
- Mosquito-borne diseases
- Ozone depletion and human health
|
| Lecture 25 |
Schemes + CA |
- Government schemes
- International initiatives
- Current affairs
|
