IAS/UPSC Coaching Institute  

Editorial 1 : There is no Planet B

Context: Earth Day 2025   

 

Introduction: Humanity’s unsustainable exploitation of Earth’s resources has led to ecological collapse. Earth Day serves as a reminder to shift from exploitation to stewardship, with India emerging as a key player in global sustainability efforts.

 

Earth Day’s Role

  • Origins: Established in 1970 to advocate for environmental responsibility.
  • Impact: Influenced global frameworks (e.g. Paris Agreement).
  • Criticism: Often reduced to symbolic gestures (e.g. social media posts) rather than systemic action.
  • Purpose: Encourage introspection, education, and a shift to sustainable stewardship.

 

 India’s Sustainability Initiatives

  • Panchamrit Goals (COP26)
    • Net-zero emissions by 2070.
    • 50% renewable energy by 2030.
    • 45% reduction in carbon intensity.
  • Renewable Energy
    • International Solar Alliance: Co-led with France to promote solar adoption globally.
    • Domestic Programs
      • National Solar Mission and PM-KUSUM for farmer empowerment.
      • Large solar parks in Gujarat/Rajasthan
    • Solar contributes 15% to renewable energy mix.
  • Electric Mobility
    • FAME Scheme: Subsidies for electric vehicles (EVs).
    • Indian Railways: Net-zero target by 2030.
    • Urban Transport: Expansion of public transit and clean fuels.
  • Biodiversity Conservation
    • Wildlife: Project Tiger and Project Elephant
    • Ecosystems: Wetland protection and Green India Mission to improve forest quality.
  • Urban Sustainability
    • Air Pollution: National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) for air quality monitoring.
    • Waste Management: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (plastic segregation, composting).
    • Water Conservation: Jal Shakti Abhiyan, Atal Bhujal Yojana, and Namami Gange.
  • Agricultural Reforms
    • Organic Farming: Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana.
    • Climate Resilience: Micro-irrigation and drought-resistant crops.
  • Legal Frameworks
    • Policies: Environment Protection Act (1986), e-waste, plastic management, and green building codes.
    • Citizen Action: Lifestyle for Environment (LIFE) initiative.

 

Challenges and Gaps

  • Implementation: Inconsistent across states.
  • Funding: Insufficient climate finance.
  • Conflict: Development vs. conservation in urban planning.
  • Ongoing Issues: Illegal deforestation, pollution, and encroachments.

 

Way Forward: Call to Action

  • Individual Level
    • Reduce plastic use, conscious consumption, public transport.
    • Reconnect with nature daily and educate children for living a sustainable lifestyle.
  • Systemic Level
    • Hold industries/governments accountable.
    • Support sustainability-focused policies and leaders.

 

Conclusion: Earth Day must evolve from symbolism to a catalyst for systemic change. India demonstrates that economic growth and sustainability can coexist, but requires scaling efforts and closing gaps.