Which of the following Acts introduced the 'Principle of Constitutional Autocracy'?
Correct Answer:
(C)
The Government of India Act of 1935
The Principle of Constitutional Autocracy was introduced by the Government of India Act, 1935. This Act vested the executive authority of Provinces in the Governors and of centre in the Governor-General on the behalf of the Crown.
Ques:
72
The Indian Legislature was made bicameral for the first time by
Correct Answer:
(C)
The Government of India Act of 1919
The Government of India Act, 1919, made Indian Legislature bicameral for the first time. It was to consist of an Upper House named the Council of state and a Lower House named the Legislative Assembly. Council of State was composed of 60 members of whom maximum 20 members could be official in accordance with section 18 of the Government of India Act, 1919. The lower house was called the Central Legislative Assembly and under section 19 of this Act, it originally provided for 140 members with 100 elected and 40 nominated. It is noteworthy that under the Rules made for the implementation of the 1919 Act, provision was made for 60 members with 33 elected and 27 nominated in the Council of State, while the number of members of the Central Legislative Assembly was increased first to 143 (102 elected & 41 nominated) and then to 145 (104 elected and 41 nominated). It is notable that one member in each house was elected from Berar out of the nominated members. Due to member from Berar being nominated as the result of an election held in Berar, it has been included in the number of elected members in many mentions.
Ques:
73
The power of the President to issue ordinance is a relic of
Correct Answer:
(B)
G.O.I. Act, 1935
Though in British India, Viceroy was empowered to promulgate ordinance without the permission of Legislative Council under the Indian Council Act, 1861. However, the President’s power to promulgate ordinance (Art. 123) is inspired by section 42 of Government of India Act, 1935.
Ques:
74
Which Act for the first time made it possible for Indians to take some share in the administration of their country?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Charter Act, 1833
Section 87 was one of the most important sections of the Charter Act, 1833. It stated that no person of India or the Crown would be debarred from any place, post or service subject to the Company on the ground of religion, place of birth, descent or colour or any of them. Subsequently section 87 of the Act, 1833 laid down the foundation for the participation of Indians in the administration during the political movement.
Ques:
75
The distribution of power between Centre and States as in the Constitution of India is based on which of the following plans?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Government of India Act, 1935
The separation of power was made by the Government of India Act, 1935. It divided the legislative powers between central and provincial legislatures and replaced ‘dyarchy in provinces with dyarchy at the centre’. The act also envisaged establishment of ‘Federation of India’ made up of both British India and some of Princely States. However, this part was never implemented
Ques:
76
A ‘Federal System’ and ‘diarchy’ at the ‘Centre’ was introduced in India by
Correct Answer:
(C)
The Act of 1935
The separation of power was made by the Government of India Act, 1935. It divided the legislative powers between central and provincial legislatures and replaced ‘dyarchy in provinces with dyarchy at the centre’. The act also envisaged establishment of ‘Federation of India’ made up of both British India and some of Princely States. However, this part was never implemented.
Ques:
77
The provision for the establishment of All India Federation was included in the
Correct Answer:
(A)
Government of India Act, 1935
The separation of power was made by the Government of India Act, 1935. It divided the legislative powers between central and provincial legislatures and replaced ‘dyarchy in provinces with dyarchy at the centre’. The act also envisaged establishment of ‘Federation of India’ made up of both British India and some of Princely States. However, this part was never implemented.
Note: The residuary powers were given to Governor General in the Federation established under Government of India Act, 1935.
Ques:
78
Which one of the following is not an important and permanent constituent in the Constitutional History of India as adopted in the Government of India Act, 1935?
Correct Answer:
(A)
A written Constitution for the country
Provision for a written Constitution for the country was not mentioned in the Government of India Act, 1935. The demand of a constitution was accepted in principle by the British Government in what is known as the 'August Offer' of 1940 in which the British Government concurred that the framing of new constitution should be primarily the responsibility of Indians themselves. In 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the British cabinet came to India with a draft proposal of the British Government on the framing of an independent constitution to be adopted after the World War II.
Ques:
79
Why is the Government of India Act, 1935 important?
Correct Answer:
(A)
It is the main source of the Constitution of India
The Government of India Act, 1935 is an important source for the Constitution of India. Many provisions of Indian Constitution like Federal Government, diarchy at the centre, distribution of power between Centre and States and establishment of a Federal Court have been taken from it.
Note: Burma was separated from India according to the provision of Government of India Act, 1935.
Ques:
80
The proposal for framing of the Constitution of India by an elected Constituent Assembly was made by?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Cripps Mission
The proposal for framing of the Constitution of India (after the end of Second World War) by an elected Constituent Assembly was made by the Cripps Mission (1942).