India has diverse forest types including tropical evergreen, deciduous, thorn, montane and mangrove forests. Understanding their distribution and characteristics is important for Environment and Geography preparation.
Which one of the following has an evergreen forest?
Correct Answer:
(C) Western Ghat
The tropical evergreen forests are found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a temperature of 15 to 30 degrees Celsius. They occupy about seven percent of the Earth’s land surface and harbour more than half of the world’s plants and animals. They are found mostly near the equator. In India, evergreen forests are found on the Western Ghat, north-east India and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Ques: 2
Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/ characteristics of equatorial forests?
The presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy.
Co-existence of a large number of species.
The presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes.
Select the correct answer using codes given below :
Correct Answer:
(D)
All of these
Equatorial forests are found in such tropical zones which receive more than 200 cm rainfall. Tall, closely set trees forming canopy is a characteristic of these forests. The upper portion of canopy often supports rich epiphytes. About 80% of the world's biodiversity is found in equatorial forests.
Ques: 3
Consider the following States:
Arunachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Mizoram
In which of the above States do ‘Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests’ occur?
Correct Answer:
(C) 1 and 3 only
The tropical evergreen forests usually occur in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a temperature of 15 to 30 degrees Celsius. These forests occupy about seven percent of the Earth’s land surface and harbour more than half of the world’s plants and animals. In India, the evergreen forest is found on the western slope of the Western Ghats in states such as Kerala and Karnataka. They are also found in hills of Jaintia and Khasi (Meghalaya). While Himachal Pradesh is mainly covered by Sub-Tropical Pine forest and Himalayan Moist Temperate forests. Hence (c) is the correct answer.
Ques: 4
In India the State with the largest area under very dense forests is –
Correct Answer:
(A) Arunachal Pradesh
According to the Indian State of Forest Report 2023:
Arunachal Pradesh has around 20, 985 sq km under very dense forests and 29, 615 sq km area under moderately dense forests.
The total area under dense forests in Arunachal Pradesh is around 66,431 sq km which is second highest among the states.
Overall forest cover is maximum for the state of Madhya Pradesh (among states and UTs) in terms of area.
When Considered in terms of percentage Mizoram (among states) ranks on the top (85.34%).
Considering both states and the UTs Lakshadweep has the highest percentage of its area (91.33%) under forests.
Ques: 5
Among the following, which statement is not correct?
Correct Answer:
(C) Nagaland is the most forest covered State of India.
According to India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023, Madhya Pradesh has maximum forest area while Arunachal Pradesh has maximum dense forest area. India’s most forest covered state in terms of percentage is Mizoram not Nagaland. State with minimum forest cover (as per area as well as a percentage) is Haryana.
Ques: 6
In which of the following continents, the tropical deciduous forests are most extensive?
Correct Answer:
(B) Asia
Tropical deciduous forests or tropical broad-leaf forests are dominated by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in areas with warm, moist summers and mild winters. Deciduous forests are mainly found in the Northern Hemisphere Eastern North America, East Asia, and Europe.