Organizations & Institutions MCQs with Explanations
Environmental organizations and institutions play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, pollution control and sustainable development. This topic covers important organizations such as UNEP, UNFCCC, IPCC, IUCN, WWF, FAO, MoEFCC, CPCB and other national and international institutions frequently asked in UPSC, State PCS, SSC and other competitive examinations.
The Headquarter of World Meteorological Organization is located at –
Correct Answer:
(A) Geneva
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) provides a framework for international cooperation in the development of meteorology and operational hydrology and their practical application. WMO originated from the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) which was founded in 1873 to facilitate the exchange of weather information across national borders. WMO became a specialized agency of the United Nations on 17 March, 1951. Notably, World Meteorological Convention was implemented on 23 March, 1950. It has it’s headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Note: In April of 1968, 30 people including scientists, educators, economists, humanists, industrialists and government officials met at the Academia dei Lincei in Rome. "The Club of Rome" was born from this meeting as an informal organization. The concept of 'Limits to Growth' was propounded by the Club of Rome.
Ques: 2
The headquarter of U.N.E.P. is located at –
Correct Answer:
(C) Nairobi
UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) was established in 1972. It’s headquartered is in Nairobi (Kenya). Inger Andersen of Denmark is currently the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme.
Ques: 3
The headquarters of the Green Peace International is located at –
Correct Answer:
(A) Amsterdam
Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization with offices in over 55 countries. It is headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Greenpeace states its goal is to “ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity”.
Ques: 4
With reference to the 'Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA)', which of the following statement is/are correct?
GACSA is an outcome of the Climate Summit held in Paris in 2015.
Membership of GACSA does not create any binding obligations.
India was instrumental in the creation of GACSA.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(B) 2 only
Statement (1) is incorrect because the concept of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) was originally developed by FAO in 2010 through the paper "Climate Smart Agriculture: Policies, Practices and Financing for food security, Adaptation and Mitigation." In 2014 an alliance was set up with this issue as its focal point: the GASCA (Global Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture). Statement (2) is correct because membership in the Alliance does not create any binding obligations. Statement (3) is incorrect because India is just a signatory.
Ques: 5
Concerning ‘Global Environment Facility’, which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
It serves as the financial mechanism for ‘Convention on Biological Diversity’ and ‘United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’
Correct Answer:
(A) It undertakes scientific research on environmental issues at the global level
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established on the eve of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit to help tackle our planet's most pressing environmental problems. GEF is an international partnership of 184 countries and 18 implementing agencies that address global environmental issues. It is a fi nancial mechanism for five major international conventions: the Minamata Convention on Mercury, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. GEF supports multi-stakeholder alliance to preserve threatened ecosystems on land and in the oceans, build green cities, boost food security for a more prosperous, climate resilient world. Carlos Manuel Rodriguez is presently the Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Global Environment Facility.