Peasant movement and Kisan Sabha MCQs with Explanations
About the Topic: Peasant Movement and Kisan Sabha is an important topic of Modern Indian History covering the growth of peasant organizations, Kisan Sabhas, agrarian struggles and their contribution to India's freedom movement. Practice Peasant Movement and Kisan Sabha MCQ Questions with answers and explanations for UPSC preparation.
Correct Answer:
(A) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/20 area of land.
The story of Champaran began in the early 19th century when European planters had involved the cultivators in agreements that forced them to cultivate Indigo on 3/20th of their land (Tinkathia System).Towards the end of 19th century, German synthetic dyes forced Indigo out of the market and the European planters of Champaran, to remove the obligation of cultivating Indigo, the cultivators tried to secure enhancements in rents and other illegal dues as a price for the release. Resistance had surfaced in 1908, but momentum came when Rajkumar Shukla (a local man) decided to follow Gandhiji and persuaded him to come to Champaran and investigate the problem.
Ques: 2
With which place and cultivation ‘Tinkathia’ Kanoon is related?
Correct Answer:
(C) Champaran - Indigo (Neel)
Tinkathia Kanoon (System) was an agreement that forced the cultivator of Champaran to cultivate Indigo on 3/20th of their holdings. Gandhiji launched his first Satyagraha in Champaran in 1917.
Ques: 3
Consider the following statements:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad persuaded Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran to investigate the problem of peasants.
Acharya J.B. Kripalani was one of the Mahatma Gandhi’s colleagues in his Champaran investigation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(B) 2 only
Rajkumar Shukla decided to follow Gandhiji and persuaded him to come to Champaran and investigate the problem. Acharya J.B. Kripalani was one of the Mahatma Gandhi’s colleagues in his Champaran investigation. Rajendra Prasad, Mahadev Desai, C.F. Andrews, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Raj Kishor Prasad, H.S. Polak were Gandhi’s colleagues in his Champaran Movement.
Ques: 4
The person not connected with Champaran movement was-
Correct Answer:
(D)
Jai Prakash Narayan
Jai Prakash Narayan was not associated with Champaran Movement, while other names given in options were associated with Champaran Movement.
Ques: 5
Who had opposed the Champaran Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi?
Correct Answer:
(B) N.G Ranga
N.G. Ranga opposed the Champaran Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi. While Rabindranath Tagore gave him the title of ‘Mahatma’ during Champaran Satyagraha.
Ques: 6
What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a Satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda?
The Administration did not suspend the land revenue collection in spite of a drought.
The Administration proposed to introduce Permanent Settlement in Gujarat
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(A) 1 only
In Kheda, Gujarat, the peasants were frequently plagued by poverty, famine, and British discrimination. The famine had destroyed the agrarian economy of the region. The revolt was against the taxes and rents that had to be paid to Britishers. The Government said that if the taxes were not paid, the property would be seized. Hence, statement 1 is right while 2 is wrong.
Ques: 7
The first peasant movement of India was:
Correct Answer:
(D)
Bijolia
Feudal exploitation of the peasantry was common in Mewar (Modern Rajasthan) in the latter half of the nineteenth century. This led to Bijolia Movement in 1905 and again in 1913 and 1916. It was the first Peasant Movement of India. The leadership of the Movement was initially provided by Sitaram Das in 1913 and later in 1915 by Vijay Singh Pathik.
Ques: 8
Who among the following was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha in February, 1918 ?
Correct Answer:
(C) Jawaharlal Nehru
The activists of Home Rule League Movement were very active in Oudh. Mainly due to the efforts of the Home Rule activists, Kisan Sabhas were organized in U.P. The Kisan Sabha was set up in February, 1918 by Gauri Shankar Mishra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi. Madan Mohan Malaviya supported their efforts. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha.
Ques: 9
‘Nai-Dhobi Band’ was a form of Social boycott in 1919 which–
Correct Answer:
(A) was started by the farmers of Pratapgarh district
Towards the end of 1919, the first signs of grass-roots peasant activity were evident in the reports of a Nai-Dhobi Band (a form of social boycott) in an estate of Pratapgarh district. In the summer of 1920 in the villages of Taluqdari Oudh, Kisan meetings called by village panchayats became frequent. The names of Jhinguri Singh and Durgapal Singh were associated with this development. But soon another leader became famous by the name of Baba Ramchandra, not only emerged as the leader but also played an important role in the Movement. Baba Ramchandra, a Brahmin from Maharashtra, was a wanderer who had left home at the age of thirteen. In the middle of 1920, he emerged as a leader of the peasants of Awadh and soon demonstrated considerable leadership and organizational capacities. His efforts helped to form ‘Awadh Kisan Sabha’ in 1920.
Ques: 10
In the 1930s, peasant movements were started in different parts of the country at the instance of various leaders. Match them with their respective areas of influence.
Sahajanand Saraswati 1. Hyderabad
Khudai Khidmatgars 2. Southern Assam
Swami Ramanand 3. Bihar
Abdul Hamid Khan 4. NWFP
Code :
A B C D
Correct Answer:
(B) 3 4 1 2
The Bihar Kisan Sabha was founded by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. All India Kisan Congress was founded at Lucknow in April, 1936 with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati as the President and N.G. Ranga as the general secretary. Later it was renamed All India Kisan Sabha. Khudai Khidmatgar or Lalkurti Organisation played an active role in Civil Disobedience Movement in North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) in the leadership of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan. Swami Ramanand was related with Hyderabad and Abdul Hamid Khan with Southern Assam.
Ques: 11
Who presided over the first session of All India Kishan Sabha?
Correct Answer:
(A) Swami Sahajananda
All India Kisan Congress was founded in Lucknow in April, 1936 with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati as the President and N.G. Ranga as the general secretary. Later, it was renamed All India Kisan Sabha. A Kisan manifesto was issued and started a periodical session under Indulal Yagnik. The Bihar Kisan Sabha was founded by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. The All India Kisan Sabha and the Congress held their second session in Faizpur in 1936. The Congress manifesto (especially the agrarian policy) for the 1937 provincial elections was strongly influenced by the All India Kisan Sabha’s agenda.
Ques: 12
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati published a journal named -:
Correct Answer:
(B) Hunkar
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati (1889-1950) was a Sanyasi and a prominent farmers' right activist. He was also an Indian freedom fighter. He was a forceful writer and ran the Hindi weekly Hunkar from Patna.
Ques: 13
Which one of the following Congress leaders had participated in the first meeting of All India Kisan Sabha?
Correct Answer:
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
The first meeting of All India Kisan Sabha was held in April 1936 in Lucknow. It was presided over by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. This meeting was addressed by Jawahar Lal Nehru also. In this meeting, Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was chosen as the President and N.G. Ranga was the secretary of All India Kisan Sabha.
Ques: 14
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:
List-I
Bardoli Satyagraha
Bhartiya Kisan Vidyalaya
Bengal Praja Party
Bakashat Agitation
List-II
Swami Shraddhananda Saraswati
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Fazlul Haq
N.G. Ranga
Code :
A B C D
Correct Answer:
(B) 2 4 3 1
Ques: 15
The demand for the Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal was for –
Correct Answer:
(A) The reduction of the share of the landlords from one half of the crop to one-third
The Tebhaga Peasant Movement was initiated in Bengal in 1946 by the Bengal Provincial Kisan Sabha to implement the recommendations of Flood Commission, which asked for sharecroppers to give one-third of their harvest to the landowner instead of the one-half, which they were paying at that time. In its response, the Bargadari Act was passed which provided that sharecroppers pay only one-third of their harvest to the landlords. The Movement mostly affected the districts of Northern-Bengal.
Ques: 16
Who started Bhoodan movement?
Correct Answer:
(C) Vinoba Bhave
Vinoba Bhave was one of the great spiritual leaders & reformers of Modern India, whose work & personal example moved the hearts of countless Indians. He was the first person to be elected for Individual Satyagraha in 1940. After getting Independence, he started Bhoodan Movement whose main objective was to distribute land to landless farmers.
Ques: 17
Which one of the following places was associated with Acharya Vinoba Bhave’s Bhoodan Movement at the beginning of the movement?
Correct Answer:
(C) Pochampalli
Vinoba Bhave organized Sarvodaya Samaj to bring about non-violent social transformation through land reforms with the willing cooperation of landlords. Large landlords were persuaded to gift at least one-sixth of their land. On 18th April, 1951, the first donation of the land took place in a village called Pochampalli in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh by a Zamindar Ramachandra Reddy who agreed to donate his 100 acres land but it was most successful in Orissa.