Sulphur, Nitrogen, Halogen, Inert Gases MCQs with Explanations
Sulphur, Nitrogen, Halogen, Inert Gases covers the vital non-metals, their industrial cycles, reactive halogens, and the chemically unreactive group 18 noble gases.
In the context of which one of the following are the terms ‘pyrolysis and plasma gasification’ mentioned?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Waste-to-energy technologies
Like incineration, plasma pyrolysis and gasification technologies are thermal processes that use high temperatures to break down waste. Plasma gasification system facilitates safe disposal of all type of organic wastes. The inorganic materials like glass, metals can also be minimized to slag. In plasma pyrolysis the most likely compounds which are produced include carbonaceous matter, methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and water molecules. The product gases recovered has calorific and commercial values. These gases can be used as a heat source or as fuel. NITI Ayog in his three-year Action Agenda (2017-2020), has also assessed the benefit-cost ratio of thermal pyrolysis and plasma gasification as waste-to-energy technologies.
Ques: 2
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Ozone depletion - Skin cancer
The correctly matched Pairs are :
Sulphur dioxide - Acid rain
Fluoride pollution - Teeth
Methyl isocyanate - Bhopal gas tragedy
Ozone depletion - Skin cancer
Thus, it is clear that option (d) is correctly matched.
Ques: 3
Discharge of nitrogen causes –
Correct Answer:
(C) The amount of nitrogen in lithosphere and in atmosphere unchanged
The nitrogen cycle is a process by which nitrogen is converted into its various chemical forms. This transformation can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. The nitrogen cycle includes fixation, ammonification, nitrification and denitrification. Denitrifying bacteria converts nitrate and nitrite ions into nitrogen. From discharge of this nitrogen, its amount in the lithosphere and in atmosphere remains unchanged.
Ques: 4
Which one of the following is the permanent gas in the atmosphere?
Correct Answer:
(C) Nitrogen
Permanent Gases are those gases which are believed to be incapable of liquefaction and remains gaseous under normal conditions. These gases include hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide etc. Nitrogen is a permanent gas in the atmosphere. It accounts for about 78% of the atmosphere.
Ques: 5
The gas used to inflate the tyres of an aircraft is –
Correct Answer:
(B) Nitrogen
Nitrogen gas is used in the tyres of an aero plane. This is because the nitrogen gas does not support combustion and can assist in preventing wheel fire when the aircraft lands (braking and high speed can produce dangerously high temperatures) unlike in oxygen. There are other benefits but effectively it is being the lowest cost gas that does not support combustion.
Ques: 6
Tear gas is :
Correct Answer:
(B) Chlorine
Tear gas is a chemical weapon that causes severe eye and respiratory pain, skin burning, vomiting and even blindness. In the eye, it stimulates the nerves of the lacrimal gland to produce tears. It is mostly used by the police force in controlling riots. Alpha chloroacetophenone, 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile and acrolein are generally used as tear gas. Chlorine (Cl2) is also used in preparation of tear gas.
Ques: 7
The foul smell of dead fish is due to the compound
Correct Answer:
(A) Amino compounds
Trimethylamine is a tertiary amine that is structurally an amino compound in which every hydrogen atom of ammonia is replaced by a methyl group. The odour (smell) of dead fish is due to the presence of these compounds.
Ques: 8
Which gas is filled at low pressure in a tubelight?
Correct Answer:
(B) Neon and Mercury vapour
The normal tubelights are filled with mercury vapour with inert gas like argon or neon. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapour which produces short wave ultraviolet light that causes phosphor coating inside the bulb to glow.
Ques: 9
When kept in air and darkness, which of the following elements glows spontaneously?
Correct Answer:
(B) White phosphorus
White phosphorus is a waxy, transparent solid. It sublimes if exposed to light. The sublimation is the process by which solid changes directly into a gas when heated, without first changing to a liquid. The White phosphorus is phosphorescent. It gives off a beautiful greenish–white glow.
Ques: 10
Which of the following countries has made it mandatory to blend ethanol with gasoline?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Brazil
Since 1976, the Brazilian Government has made it mandatory to blend ethanol with gasoline and since 2007, the legal blend is around 25% ethanol and 75% gasoline.